Hemorrhoids
Swollen veins in the lower rectum and anus causing discomfort, itching, and sometimes bleeding.
Overview
Hemorrhoids, also called piles, are swollen veins in your anus and lower rectum, similar to varicose veins. They can develop inside the rectum (internal hemorrhoids) or under the skin around the anus (external hemorrhoids). Hemorrhoids are very common and can result from straining during bowel movements, sitting for long periods, chronic constipation or diarrhea, and pregnancy.
Common Age
More common with age; peak 45-65
Prevalence
About 75% of adults have hemorrhoids at some point
Duration
Often improve within a week with treatment; may recur
Common Symptoms
- Painless bleeding during bowel movements (bright red blood)
- Itching or irritation in the anal area
- Pain or discomfort
- Swelling around the anus
- A lump near the anus (may be sensitive or painful)
- Leakage of feces
- External hemorrhoid may be felt as a lump
Possible Causes
- Straining during bowel movements
- Chronic constipation or diarrhea
- Sitting on toilet for long periods
- Low-fiber diet
- Pregnancy
- Aging (weakening of supportive tissues)
- Obesity
- Heavy lifting
Note: These are potential causes. A healthcare provider can help determine the specific cause in your case.
Quick Self-Care Tips
- 1Eat high-fiber foods to soften stool
- 2Drink plenty of water
- 3Don't strain or sit too long on toilet
- 4Take sitz baths (warm water for 10-15 minutes)
- 5Use OTC hemorrhoid creams or suppositories
- 6Keep the anal area clean
- 7Use moist towelettes instead of dry toilet paper
- 8Apply cold packs to reduce swelling
Disclaimer: These are general wellness suggestions, not medical treatment recommendations. They may help manage symptoms but should not replace professional medical care.
Detailed Treatment & Solutions
1SITZ BATHS
Sit in warm (not hot) water for 10-15 minutes, 2-3 times daily, especially after bowel movements. Helps reduce swelling and irritation. Sitz bath basins available at pharmacies.
2DIETARY CHANGES
Increase fiber to 25-30 grams daily (fruits, vegetables, whole grains). Drink 6-8 glasses of water. Fiber supplements (psyllium) if needed. Soft stool prevents straining.
3BOWEL HABITS
Go when you feel the urge - don't delay. Don't strain or sit longer than necessary. Don't read on the toilet (prolongs sitting).
4TOPICAL TREATMENTS
OTC creams with hydrocortisone reduce itching and swelling. Witch hazel pads are soothing. Lidocaine ointment for pain. Don't use for more than a week without doctor advice.
5HYGIENE
Keep anal area clean. Pat gently with moistened toilet paper or use unscented wipes. Avoid soap directly on area (can irritate). Wear cotton underwear.
6MEDICAL PROCEDURES
For persistent hemorrhoids: rubber band ligation, sclerotherapy, coagulation, hemorrhoidectomy (surgical removal). Minimally invasive procedures are highly effective.
Important: Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any treatment regimen. The solutions above are for educational purposes and may not be suitable for everyone.
Risk Factors
- Constipation
- Pregnancy
- Aging
- Obesity
- Low-fiber diet
- Prolonged sitting
- Heavy lifting
Prevention
- High-fiber diet
- Staying hydrated
- Not straining during bowel movements
- Not sitting too long on toilet
- Regular exercise
When to See a Doctor
Consult a healthcare provider if you experience any of the following:
- Bleeding doesn't stop or is significant
- Pain is severe
- Home treatment doesn't help after a week
- You have bleeding with bowel movements (to rule out other causes)
- You have a thrombosed hemorrhoid (hard, painful lump)
- Hemorrhoids prolapse and can't be pushed back in
Talk to a Healthcare Provider
If your symptoms are persistent, severe, or concerning, please consult with a qualified healthcare professional for proper evaluation and personalized advice.
Frequently Asked Questions
QIs blood in stool always hemorrhoids?
No. While hemorrhoids are a common cause of bright red rectal bleeding, other conditions can cause similar symptoms. Any rectal bleeding should be evaluated by a doctor, especially if you're over 50 or have other symptoms.
QDo hemorrhoids go away?
Mild hemorrhoids often improve on their own with lifestyle changes and home treatment. Some may require medical procedures. Once the tissue is stretched, it may be more prone to future problems, so prevention is key.
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Medical Disclaimer
The information on this page is for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. It should not be used for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional with any questions you have regarding a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency services immediately.
Information last reviewed: January 2026
This page provides educational information only. It is not medical advice.