Menstrual Cramps (Dysmenorrhea)
Pain in the lower abdomen before or during menstruation.
Common Symptoms
- Throbbing or cramping pain in lower abdomen
- Pain that starts 1-3 days before period
- Dull, continuous ache
- Pain radiating to lower back and thighs
- Nausea
- Loose stools
- Headache
- Dizziness
Possible Causes
- Uterine contractions
- Prostaglandins (hormone-like substances)
- Endometriosis
- Uterine fibroids
- Adenomyosis
- Pelvic inflammatory disease
- Cervical stenosis
Note: These are potential causes. A healthcare provider can help determine the specific cause in your case.
Quick Self-Care Tips
- 1Use a heating pad on lower abdomen
- 2Take over-the-counter pain relievers (ibuprofen)
- 3Exercise regularly
- 4Try relaxation techniques
- 5Massage your abdomen
- 6Take warm baths
- 7Reduce stress
- 8Consider birth control (may help)
Disclaimer: These are general wellness suggestions, not medical treatment recommendations. They may help manage symptoms but should not replace professional medical care.
When to See a Doctor
Consult a healthcare provider if you experience any of the following:
- Cramps severely disrupt your life
- Pain is getting progressively worse
- Cramps started after age 25
- You have fever with cramps
- Pain continues after period ends
Talk to a Healthcare Provider
If your symptoms are persistent, severe, or concerning, please consult with a qualified healthcare professional for proper evaluation and personalized advice.
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Medical Disclaimer
The information on this page is for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. It should not be used for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional with any questions you have regarding a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency services immediately.
Information last reviewed: January 2026
This page provides educational information only. It is not medical advice.