Folliculitis
Inflammation of hair follicles, usually caused by bacterial or fungal infection.
Overview
Folliculitis is a common skin condition where hair follicles become inflamed, usually due to bacterial or fungal infection. It appears as small red bumps or white-headed pimples around hair follicles. While generally mild and self-limiting, it can be uncomfortable and cosmetically concerning. Severe or recurring folliculitis can lead to permanent hair loss and scarring. It can affect any part of the body with hair, most commonly the face, scalp, thighs, and buttocks.
Common Age
Any age; shaving-related more common in adults
Prevalence
Very common; most people experience it at some point
Duration
Mild cases resolve in 7-10 days; chronic forms may persist
Common Symptoms
- Clusters of small red or white-headed bumps
- Pus-filled blisters that break and crust
- Itching or burning skin
- Tender or painful skin
- Large swollen bump (boil)
- May cause scarring or hair loss in severe cases
- Commonly affects beard area, thighs, buttocks, scalp
Possible Causes
- Staphylococcus aureus bacteria (most common)
- Pseudomonas (hot tub folliculitis)
- Fungal infections (Malassezia, Candida)
- Shaving or friction
- Tight clothing
- Blocked follicles (sweat, oils)
- Hot tubs or pools with inadequate chlorine
- Weakened immune system
Note: These are potential causes. A healthcare provider can help determine the specific cause in your case.
Quick Self-Care Tips
- 1Keep area clean and dry
- 2Apply warm compresses
- 3Don't shave affected areas
- 4Wear loose, breathable clothing
- 5Shower after sweating
- 6Use antibacterial soap
- 7Don't share razors or towels
- 8Shower after using hot tubs
Disclaimer: These are general wellness suggestions, not medical treatment recommendations. They may help manage symptoms but should not replace professional medical care.
Detailed Treatment & Solutions
1MILD CASES
Often resolve on their own. Warm compresses 3-4 times daily. Over-the-counter antibacterial wash (benzoyl peroxide). Keep area clean and dry.
2BACTERIAL FOLLICULITIS
Topical antibiotics (mupirocin, clindamycin). Oral antibiotics for widespread or severe cases. May need culture to guide treatment.
3FUNGAL FOLLICULITIS
Antifungal shampoo or cream (ketoconazole). Oral antifungals for severe cases. Can be mistaken for bacterial; improves with antifungals, not antibiotics.
4HOT TUB FOLLICULITIS
Usually resolves without treatment in 7-10 days. Anti-itch lotions. Rarely needs antibiotics.
5PREVENTION OF RECURRENCE
Proper shaving technique. Sharp, clean razors. Shave with the grain. Don't share personal items. Treat underlying conditions (diabetes, eczema).
6PSEUDOFOLLICULITIS (RAZOR BUMPS)
Common in curly-haired individuals. Electric razors may help. Hair removal cream. Laser hair removal for chronic cases.
Important: Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any treatment regimen. The solutions above are for educational purposes and may not be suitable for everyone.
Risk Factors
- Shaving
- Friction from clothing
- Hot tub use
- Diabetes
- Weakened immune system
- Acne history
Prevention
- Proper shaving technique
- Clean, sharp razors
- Shower after sweating
- Loose clothing
- Avoid poorly maintained hot tubs
When to See a Doctor
Consult a healthcare provider if you experience any of the following:
- Folliculitis spreads or recurs
- Large, painful boil develops
- Fever or feeling unwell
- Doesn't improve with home treatment
- Occurs on face or causes scarring
Talk to a Healthcare Provider
If your symptoms are persistent, severe, or concerning, please consult with a qualified healthcare professional for proper evaluation and personalized advice.
Frequently Asked Questions
QIs folliculitis contagious?
Some types can spread through person-to-person contact or shared items (razors, towels). Bacterial folliculitis from staph can spread. Hot tub folliculitis is caught from contaminated water, not from people. Practice good hygiene and don't share personal items.
QCan folliculitis cause permanent hair loss?
Usually not—mild folliculitis heals without scarring. However, severe, deep, or chronic folliculitis can damage follicles and cause permanent bald patches or scarring. This is why recurrent or severe cases should be treated by a doctor.
Related Conditions
Acne
A skin condition that occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil and dead skin cells.
Acne
A common skin condition causing pimples, blackheads, and whiteheads, usually on the face.
Seborrheic Dermatitis
A common skin condition causing scaly, itchy, red skin, especially on the scalp.
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Medical Disclaimer
The information on this page is for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. It should not be used for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional with any questions you have regarding a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency services immediately.
Information last reviewed: January 2026
This page provides educational information only. It is not medical advice.