Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Numbness, tingling, and weakness in the hand caused by pressure on the median nerve in the wrist.
Overview
Carpal tunnel syndrome occurs when the median nerve, which runs from the forearm into the palm of the hand, becomes pressed or squeezed at the wrist. The carpal tunnel is a narrow passageway of ligament and bones at the base of the hand that houses the median nerve and tendons. When irritated tendons swell or other swelling narrows the tunnel, the nerve becomes compressed, causing symptoms.
Common Age
40-60 years most common
Prevalence
Affects 3-6% of adults
Duration
Can be chronic without treatment; symptoms may come and go
Common Symptoms
- Tingling or numbness in thumb, index, middle, and ring fingers
- Symptoms often worse at night
- Weakness in the hand
- Dropping things frequently
- Shock-like sensations radiating to fingers
- Pain or burning that travels up the arm
- Waking at night with numb hands
- Difficulty with fine motor tasks
Possible Causes
- Repetitive hand and wrist motions
- Wrist injuries or fractures
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Pregnancy and fluid retention
- Diabetes
- Thyroid disorders
- Obesity
- Anatomical factors (smaller carpal tunnel)
Note: These are potential causes. A healthcare provider can help determine the specific cause in your case.
Quick Self-Care Tips
- 1Rest your hands and wrists frequently
- 2Wear a wrist splint, especially at night
- 3Apply ice packs to reduce swelling
- 4Take anti-inflammatory medications as needed
- 5Avoid activities that worsen symptoms
- 6Keep wrists in neutral position when using keyboard
- 7Do stretching exercises for hands and wrists
- 8Shake out your hands periodically
Disclaimer: These are general wellness suggestions, not medical treatment recommendations. They may help manage symptoms but should not replace professional medical care.
Detailed Treatment & Solutions
1WRIST SPLINTING
Wear a neutral wrist splint at night to prevent bending the wrist during sleep. This alone can significantly reduce symptoms for many people. Wear during the day during activities that aggravate symptoms.
2ERGONOMIC CHANGES
Position keyboard so wrists are straight, not bent up or down. Use a mouse pad with wrist rest. Take breaks every 30-60 minutes to stretch. Keep wrists warm (cold makes symptoms worse).
3EXERCISES
Wrist flexor stretch (extend arm, pull fingers back toward body). Prayer stretch (palms together in front of chest, lower hands while keeping palms together). Shake out hands frequently. Make a fist, then spread fingers wide.
4LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS
Reduce salt intake to minimize fluid retention. Treat underlying conditions (diabetes, thyroid). If overweight, work on weight loss. Avoid sleeping on your hands.
5MEDICAL TREATMENTS
Corticosteroid injections can reduce inflammation. Physical or occupational therapy. Carpal tunnel release surgery for severe or persistent cases (highly effective, outpatient procedure).
Important: Always consult a healthcare professional before starting any treatment regimen. The solutions above are for educational purposes and may not be suitable for everyone.
Risk Factors
- Female sex
- Pregnancy
- Diabetes
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Repetitive wrist movements
- Obesity
Prevention
- Taking frequent breaks from repetitive tasks
- Keeping wrists straight when using tools
- Proper ergonomic setup
- Hand and wrist exercises
When to See a Doctor
Consult a healthcare provider if you experience any of the following:
- Symptoms persist despite self-care measures
- Numbness or weakness is constant
- Symptoms interfere with work or daily activities
- You're dropping things due to weakness
- Symptoms affect your sleep significantly
- There's muscle wasting at the base of your thumb
Talk to a Healthcare Provider
If your symptoms are persistent, severe, or concerning, please consult with a qualified healthcare professional for proper evaluation and personalized advice.
Frequently Asked Questions
QCan carpal tunnel go away on its own?
Mild cases may improve with rest and conservative treatment. However, without addressing the underlying cause, symptoms often return or worsen. Severe cases typically require medical intervention.
QIs surgery for carpal tunnel effective?
Carpal tunnel release surgery is highly effective, with success rates of 85-90%. It's typically an outpatient procedure with relatively quick recovery. Most people experience significant improvement in symptoms.
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Medical Disclaimer
The information on this page is for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. It should not be used for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare professional with any questions you have regarding a medical condition. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call your local emergency services immediately.
Information last reviewed: January 2026
This page provides educational information only. It is not medical advice.